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Pane altamura recipe. pane (pān), n.
- Pane altamura recipe. In this blog, we’ve gathered over 33 mouthwatering recipes that showcase the versatility of Italian bread flour. Transfer the contents to another bowl and set aside for ripening of the sponge. The naturally long shelf life of Pane di Altamura is its most prized characteristic. org Altamura Altamura We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Jun 17, 2025 · altamura in Italy’s Pulya region is renowned for pane de Altamura a bread with protected designation of origin status its secret local Durham wheat and traditional methods key ingredients include Durham wheat flour fresh water natural yeast and salt time is crucial allowing flavors to develop through slow fermentation creating a unique For a simple snack, pane di Altamura is simply drizzled with extra virgin olive oil and sprinkled with salt or smeared with tomato or olive tapenade. With thousands of recipes and ideas, you'll find mouth-watering inspiration every time you log in. italian bread, off the beaten path, off the tourist path, things to do in Altamura, things Jun 5, 2025 · Make this easy Pane e Pomodoro recipe with just 4 ingredients—fresh tomatoes, garlic, crusty bread, and olive oil. Today, Pane di Laterza is still served in the traditional style with its unique flavors, but has also evolved to include modern recipes using ingredients like sun-dried tomato es, olives, anchovies, and peppers. In this video I show you how to make the very famous Pane di Altamura, a bread from Puglia. com Nov 30, 2024 · The Origins of Pane di Altamura Pane di Altamura hails from the region of Puglia, specifically the town of Altamura in the province of Bari. one of the divisions of a window or the like, consisting of a single plate of glass in a frame. Aug 29, 2024 · In this video I show you how to make the very famous Pane di Altamura, a bread from Puglia. Aug 26, 2010 · Pane di Altamura Dop is a traditional Apulian bread product from the zone of the Murgia Altamura in the province of Bari. Dec 1, 2022 · This recipe is for Pane Tipo Altamura, or Semolina Bread, which used a biga starter. Feb 2, 2022 · Sources I ended up skipping recipes in English and went to the source, so I used recipes in Italian. While making bread, the biggest thing we have learned is to have patience and just let the bread rise, and WAIT. a flat piece of glass used in a window or door: a window pane a pane of glass (Definition of pane from the Cambridge Academic Content Dictionary © Cambridge University Press) Definition of pane noun in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Pane definition: one of the divisions of a window or the like, consisting of a single plate of glass in a frame. — pane di Altamura DOP — a jewel of the city and of the entire region of Puglia. When buying your imported Altamura bread you’ll be certain of its delicious authenticity. It is utterly delicious and well worth a try. To get an idea as to how long and how much this bread has been part of the Puglia local food culture, the Latin poet Orazio in the 37 BC was hailing it the best bread he had ever eaten. Considered as the best bread in the world! 2015-08-04 Altamura Bread: Pane di Altamura Pane di Altamura is made in the town of Altamura, also known as "Città del Pane", and dates back to before 37 BC. This traditional bread is loved by locals and tourists alike for its flavor, texture, and appearance. Indulge in the flavors of Italy with this authentic recipe for Pane di Altamura. Success is guaranteed! Shaping two sourdoughs in the "piled up" or high form of Altamuran bread. This resulted in Pane di Laterza becoming a popular dish throughout the region and as far away as Rome. Apr 30, 2020 · Treasures of Puglia cuisine: Altamura bread D. 5g salt. It's crusty on the outside, soft and chewy on the inside. With every bite, you taste centuries of craftsmanship, deep-rooted culinary tradition, and the unmistakable terroir of Puglia. " The strict IGP preparation procedures, implemented on the entire chain of production and guaranteeing absolute quality, ensures that grain is stored in thermal-ventilated silos, thus maintaining the grain's organoleptic properties unaltered. This bread pairs well with olive oil or butter, dipped in soups and stews, and is a great sandwich bread. With simple ingredients and a few hours of rising time, you can enjoy this delicious and authentic bread at home. Jan 8, 2025 · Watch this video: How Traditional Panettone Is Made “Cornetto” means “little horn” in Italian, aptly describing its shape. com Apr 1, 2020 · Pane Pugliese (‘Apulian Bread’) Pane pugliese, also known as ‘pane di Altamura,’ features a softer and slightly chewier texture inside, with a crunchy crust. This recipe for Pane Di Altamura is a traditional Italian bread made with durum wheat flour. P (Pane di Altamura) Big, lush, with a crispy brown crust, inside has a yellowish color and good flavored – it is all about the famous Italian bread from Altamura D. a panel, as of a wainscot, ceiling, or door. And it turned out wonderfully using home milled, organic grain from America. Learn how to make Pane di Altamura, a traditional Italian bread made with durum wheat. 100g sourdough biga. Certainly the softest crumb I’ve gotten from semolina and with a hint of tang (durum doesn’t really get tangy). Its unique aroma, crispy crust, and soft, chewy interior have made it a local specialty in the town for millennia. A world of Thermomix® recipes - Cookidoo® brings you delicious food all over the world. Regardless, it has a beautiful color and a sweet nutty Aug 8, 2019 · Aside from pizza – perhaps the most widely consumed ‘bread’ in the world – you have glorious slabs of fluffy focaccia in Liguria, PDO-protected Pane di Altamura in Puglia, Sardinia ’s famous music paper bread (called pane caresau in Italian) and a huge range of other local breads depending where you are in the country. This ancient bread dates back to the time of the Romans and is believed to have been enjoyed by soldiers and citizens for centuries. This honey-coloured crust conceals a soft, straw … From greatitalianchefs. No particular reason other than i’m under the impression that traditionally some dough was kept back as starter for the next dough and so on. The bread is fragrant, and has a brittle exterior and a chewy, straw -coloured interior. Pane di Altamura Ancient grain, rich flavor This bread is made with durum wheat from the Altamura region in southern Italy. Bake artisan bread at home today! Jan 24, 2012 · If I were given the task of choosing one bread from all the bakers of Italy, one that I could eat everyday and forever, it would be the golden-fleshed bread of Altamura, its thick skin, parched 4 days ago · Authentic Pane di Altamura is baked in traditional stone ovens using a wood fire, but thankfully, at-home bakers can put modern appliances to work. Have your kitchen smell like the Italian countryside! Try the golden Pane Tipo Altamura; made with durum flour, this has become my most popular bread. 'Altamura bread') is a leavened Italian bread made in the Altamura area of the Apulia region, using local remilled durum wheat. Start by making the dough base. O. Mar 22, 2013 · Semolina Torpedo Bread | Pane di Altamura I love the nutty flavor of semolina, but working with the flour has its challenges. It is also an essential ingredient in many traditional recipes such as the zuppa povera, an aromatic tomato soup with toasted cubes of Altamura bread. Ingredients: 3 cups durum wheat flour (semolina) 1 cup all-purpose flour Oct 9, 2015 · Forno Antico Santa Chiara: More than Just a Bread Bakery, bread bakery in Italy, Pugliese bread, Altamuran Bread, bread that lasts for weeks, Altamura bread, D. 2. The unique baking method involves a wood-fired oven, which adds a smoky element that’s hard to resist. It is characterized by the flavour coming from fermented semolina flour. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. This is a loaf that tells stories. It's known for its golden color, firm crust, and long shelf life. Oct 16, 2021 · Otherwise this was a typical Pane di Altamura recipe. 3. Learn how to make authentic Pane Tipo di Altamura, a traditional Italian sourdough bread. - Add the water into the sourdough biga and mix. In fact, the crust tends to crack. Oct 24, 2023 · A stack of Altamura loaves (Photo: Oscab/Dreamstime) Meanwhile, travel just 12 miles from Altamura to the UNESCO World Heritage town Matera, which sits on the other side of the Apulia-Basilicata border, to find an eerily similar bread advertised on restaurant and shop windows, with the proud declaration of being Pane di Matera. I will show you how the dough is made and how to bake the Pane di Pane di Laterza. Nov 5, 2023 · If you’re a fan of good food and wish to explore the culinary wonders of Italy, you can’t miss the opportunity to discover Pane di Altamura (Altamura Bread). Golden, soft, & delicious! Many believe the best bread comes from the town of Altamura in Puglia, known for its traditional large knots of bread called Pane di Altamura. Jun 2, 2024 · Pane di Altamura aus Apulien – Süditalienisches Brot mit Semola – Rezept June 2, 2024 Zutaten für 2 Brote 150g Lievito Madre (Auffrischung nicht älter als 2 Tage) 500g Semola (Hartweizenmehl) 350g kaltes Wasser 1g Trockenhefe oder 3 g frische Hefe 12g feines Meersalz Ohne LM 10g Salz, 2,5g Trockenhefe oder 7,5g frische Hefe Vorgehensweise: Jul 1, 2022 · Now truth be told, this recipe is technically NOT true Pane di Altamura because it is a “protected” bread under the Denominazione di Origine Protetta, which specifies that the flour must come from the Puglia region. The rich flavors of Nigerien cuisine are infused into this bread, resulting in a delicious and hearty loaf that is perfect for any meal. We want to find out how to make bread – more specifically, Italian bread, and Italians know that Altamura bread is one of the best in the country. Pane di Patate Abruzzese Made with durum wheat semolina (in Italian it is This Altamura bread recipe comes from the region of Puglia in Italy where the flavor, texture and look of this bread is honored by locals and tourists alike. wikipedia. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more. Save this Durum-flour bread from Altamura (Pane di Altamura) recipe and more from The Italian Baker: The Classic Tastes of the Italian Countryside--Its Breads, Pizza, Focacce, Cakes, Pastries & Cookies to your own online collection at EatYourBooks. Using well-refreshed lievito naturale, I found that using their prescribed timing and methods leads to great results for this fabulous golden bread from Puglia. It will be fairly loose batter. 1. How to use pane in a sentence. Among other things, the procedures Apr 17, 2017 · I have a craving for some Pane d' Altamura a legend in bread making that lasts for weeks. Shaped like a wide hat it is conventionally baked in wood-fired ovens exclusively fed with oak. Pane di Altamura Pane di Altamura is a delectable Italian dish that has been enjoyed for centuries. Building a flat section, side, or surface, as one of the sides of a bolthead. ca. pane (pān), n. Bread made with 100% semolina does not develop a thick crispy crust like bread made from high protein all purpose or bread flour. Aug 1, 2020 · How to make pane pugliese, a rustic artisian bread from the Italian countrysides of Puglia. I have the equipped durham flour from Italy but need a recipe and appropriate clay baker times and temps. Jul 31, 2021 · Recipe: 500g durum flour (aka… semola rimacinata) 300g water (+ extra) 10g salt 100g durum flour starter° @ 125% hydration So my usual Pane ‘tipo’ di Altamura is done with a low 60% hydration dough type preferment. Most of these breads begin with a starter called a biga in Italian, which is made the day before and left out to ferment at room temperature. The result is a chewy and flavorful loaf May 31, 2021 · From making a starter to baking Pane di Altamura Reader Recipes Abe May 31, 2021, 8:55pm 1 PANE DI ALTAMURA Crafted from durum wheat semolina, Pane di Altamura holds a coveted Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) status, and is the only bread in Italy to do so. Produzione artigianale e vendita di Bruschetta di Altamura®, Crostini Tozzapane®, Pane di Altamura DOP, Frise, Prodotti tipici pugliesi, Prodotti Feb 14, 2025 · Pane di Altamura As its name suggests, Pan de Altamura comes from the town of Altamura, where it has been made for centuries. The shelf life of Pane di Altamura ranges from 7 to 15 days, making it a fresh and delicious addition to any meal, perfect for those who love pain italien traditionnel and cuisine italienne authentique. About this recipe Complexity level: Pane di Altamura is a traditional bread from the Altamura area of the Provincia di Bari, in the South East of Italy. Jan 12, 2018 · I want to make The bread of Altamura in a Breadtopia Clay “Baker”. com This recipe brings a taste of Niger to the traditional Italian Pane di Altamura. To do this, water and durum wheat semolina flour are added. May 7, 2025 · Altamura in Italy’s Pulya region is renowned for pane de Altamura, a bread with protected designation of origin status. Apr 13, 2025 · My recipe for Pane Siciliano, a sourdough bread made with durum wheat semolina and topped with white sesame seeds. 1kg of final bread loaf) 500g Durum wheat flour. The bread’s name derives from its place of origin, and it is cherished for its unique flavor and texture, attributed to Nov 17, 2024 · Pane di Altamura is a traditional bread from the Puglia region of Italy. This recipe will help you achieve the golden glow and rich buttery flavor that this bread is known for. To prepare Pane di Altamura DOP, the sourdough needs to rise a minimum of three times to increase the volume of the fermented dough. The famous bread from Altamura, Puglia follows a strict set of guidelines and is the only bread in Italy to achieve PDO status. Altamura is located in the Southeast of Italy in the province of Bari, Apulia (Puglia). Some sources are relatively hard to follow as they use terms from the Pugliese dialect, but it’s part of the research fun Official recipe pane di Altamura Another recipe using sourdough starter and with folding demonstration video Mar 26, 2025 · Pane di Altamura is known for its long shelf life and is often enjoyed with local cheeses, cured meats, or simply with olive oil. Made with natural yeast, durum wheat semolina flour, water, and salt, this slow-rising bread develops an … From tasteatlas. Building one of the divisions of a window or the like, consisting of a single plate of glass in a frame. Ingredients Pane di Altamura, Pane pugliese, fatto in casa Chef Stefano Barbato 902K subscribers Subscribed Save this Pane di Altamura recipe and more from Living Bread: Tradition and Innovation in Artisan Bread Making to your own online collection at EatYourBooks. This delightful product, originating from the picturesque town of Altamura in the Puglia region, is a true symbol of tradition and deliciousness. P. Mar 26, 2025 · Whether you’re baking a rustic loaf of Ciabatta, a light and airy Focaccia, or a delicate Pane di Altamura, the right flour can make all the difference. Food52 Pane di Altamura isn’t just bread—it’s an edible legacy baked under the sun-kissed skies of southern Italy. I watch my reflection in a pane of glass. . Its secret local Durham wheat and traditional methods. Michelin chef Vitantonio Lombardo and baker Angelo Sacco accompany us to discover the recipe and Discover how to make Pane d' Altamura, a rustic Italian bread recipe from the region of Puglia in Italy. This recipe is inspired by TFL bakers and is perfect for bread enthusiasts looking to recreate the flavors of Altamura at home. Beyond the few differences between the two products (basically water and wood/gas oven), both breads bear witness to the PANE DI ALTAMURA: BREAD FROM PUGLIA - GREAT ITALIAN CHEFS 2018-09-06 It all comes down to its inimitable texture and taste; a three-millimetre crust gives Pane di Altamura a crisp, compact shell, which makes for a hearty, crunchy bite. I recently ran into an issue where File Explorer would not display file previews in the Preview Pane, showing the following warning message instead: “The file you are attempting to preview could harm your computer. Indeed, Altamura and Matera, 20 km away from each other, share a millenary tradition in making bread that has recently been formalized with the DOP label (Protected Designation of Origin) Pane di Altamura and the IGP label (Protected Geographical Indication) Pane di Matera. Dec 24, 2014 · While milling some durum into rimacinata at home, I revisited the Pane di Altamura DOP on making Pane di Altamura. The meaning of PANE is a piece, section, or side of something. That’s the whole idea behind DOP: The real thing uses yeast, grain, sea salt and water of the region—and that’s what makes it unique. Wonderful with honey or jam or cheese. Other breads I make on a regular basis are Pane di Como, Ciabatta and a rustic whole-wheat bread, Pan Bigio. A perfect summer appetizer! Save this Bread from Altamura (Pane Altamura) recipe and more from The Il Fornaio Baking Book: Sweet and Savory Recipes from the Italian Kitchen to your own online collection at EatYourBooks. Pairs well with: Hearty stews, meats, or aged cheese. Every delicious loaf is therefore guaranteed by a DOP protected designation of origin indication. Pane di Matera Named after an ancient city and the province of its origin, pane di Matera is a country-style sourdough bread made with semolina dough, natural yeast, salt, and water. Pain and pane are classic examples of homophones – words that sound the same but have different meanings and spellings. If you are using an instant thermometer, sponge should read a PNG tags culture, recipe, bread, cuisine, biologic, oven, apulia, unregistered Trademark, pane Di Altamura, ingredient, house, food Drinks, flavor, brand, woodfired A bread that contains many tails, in one of the oldest and most cinematic cities in Southern Italy. Here is the full recipe https://breadtopia. Tips, techniques and tools to make this bread. If you trust the file and the source you received it from, open it to view its contents A pane of glass is a flat sheet of glass in a window or door. Feb 21, 2025 · Altamurabrot (Pane di Altamura) ist ein traditionelles italienisches Brot aus der Region Apulien. In fact, the Latin poet Horace mentioned this famous bread in his books dating back to the first century BC, as the best bread in the world of that period. com/altamura-style-sourdough-bread/ Jan 16, 2023 · Pane di Altamura is a rustic sourdough bread made in the province of Bari (Puglia) for centuries. Di Gesù, a family-run bakery, has been providing Altamura with focaccia and bread for five generations, including the famous pane di Altamura. Feb 16, 2010 · Pane di Altamura bread is produced uniquely in its territory of origin, with wheat harvested exclusively in the vicinity of the town of Altamura. This traditional bread originated in the city of Altamura, in Puglia, and is made from an ancient variety of durum wheat called "sarchio triticum" that's milled locally. Feb 24, 2020 · Only ten local bakeries prepare it following this specific recipe. Do you lik Jun 19, 2025 · Pane Di Altamura Weizenbrote , Pane di Altamura: il pane pugliese di semola, ricetta favolosa When it comes to choosing the right flour for your Pane Di Altamura recipe, you have a few options to consider: grano duro, semolina, or a mix of the two. See ‘Meaning & use’ for definitions, usage, and quotation evidence. Plus, the high mineral content water of that area apparently contributes to the distinctive taste of the bread. However if you watch the many Feb 7, 2009 · Although you can Google “pane di Altamura” and get recipes using ingredients from the US, you don’t get Pane di Altamura, of course, you get Pane Tipo di Altamura, a bread of the type called Altamura. Its crust is thick and crunchy, while the inside is dense yet chewy, making it a satisfying choice for any meal. Today, because of its DOP status, it must be produced in the town of Altamura, made strictly with durum wheat dough, sourdough starter, salt, and water. I’ve done Altamura bread with Rimacinata and fine semolina and you really see the difference. The loaf is a beautiful pale gold in colour and has the characteristic crumb and crunchy crust of a semolina bread. Pane di Laterza is a round-shaped sourdough bread with a crispy, dark golden-brown crust and soft crumb. A world of Thermomix® recipes - Cookidoo® brings you delicious food from all over the world. Es wird aus Hartweizenmehl, Wasser, Sauerteig und Salz hergestellt und ist bekannt für eine dicke Kruste und eine goldgelbe, aromatische Krume. Simplicity of bread baking at its best in this authentic recipe. Pane di Altamura – The King of Italian Sourdough Breads Rustic, Golden, and Packed with Tradition Save, share, or print the full story + recipe here: 2017-02-15 Pane di Altamura recipe (for ca. Focaccia Barese is one of the most delicious types of Focaccia in Italy. See examples of PANE used in a sentence. Looking for the perfect Pane di Altamura recipe? Discover the secrets for authentic bread and how to use it in your cooking. Building a plate of glass for such a division. If you wish, you can use all semolina for this recipe. This isn’t your everyday table bread. Still I think it turned out nicely. org Pane di Altamura Pani regionali italiani Pane di Altamura Pani regionali italiani Usage on ko. Jun 2, 2024 · Pane di Altamura from Apulia – Bread from South Italy with Semola – the recipe A bread recipe I found recently from the region of Puglia in Italy where the flavor, texture and look of this bread is coveted and honored by locals and tourists alike. Oct 27, 2025 · Unlock the secret to Authentic Altamura Bread with Silas's recipe! Master the use of semola rimacinata for a golden, crusty, flavorful loaf. Very fragrant, with a crunchy crust and chewy soft pale yellow inside. Sep 8, 2018 · Il pane di Altamura per essere definito tale deve dunque rispettare un rigido disciplinare di produzione e all’atto dell’immissione al consumo deve presentare le caratteristiche sopra descritte. org Altamura Altamura Usage on it. This traditional Italian bread, originating from the town of Altamura in the Apulia region, is known for its rustic charm and distinct taste. There are 16 meanings listed in OED's entry for the noun pane, eight of which are labelled obsolete. Mar 12, 2025 · Pane di Altamura is a must-try for anyone looking to experience the authentic taste of Italy, with its unique taste and cultural significance. Apr 2, 2010 · डबलरोटियों की सूची Usage on hu. Mar 26, 2025 · 6. Building a panel, as of a wainscot, ceiling, door, etc. Pane di Altamura (lit. Altamuran bread is made with durum wheat, which is high in protein and has a nutty, mildly sweet flavor. Fried Italian Bread aka Croustoweele, Pane Frita, Fritto There are many types of Italian breads, Ciabatta, Pane carasau, Pane casareccio, Panino, Focaccia, Pane toscano (without salt), Michetta, Rosetta, Ciriola, Pane pugliese, Pane di Altamura, Pane Fritto, Grissini torinesi, Tigella, Crescentina, Piadina, Pita to name a few. Mancando questi presupposti non può fregiarsi del marchio DOP ed essere denominato, appunto, pane di Altamura. The dough is then mixed with sea salt and water, and baked in a wood-burning oven. May 3, 2011 · A distant relative of my pane eretici with kamut, perhaps this hybrid wheat version actually came close to the tradition of of Pane di Altamura, albeit using wheat flour. PANE IN CASSETTA DI ALTAMURA/SEMOLINA BREAD/SEMOLINA LOAF 2010-07-26 In a bowl of stand mixer fitted with paddle attachment mix semolina, bread flour, sugar, yeast and water on first speed until evenly incorporated. I would love to have a loaf or two sent to me by some angel, but I. This sourdough version incorporates the unique flavor and texture of durum wheat, offering a hearty loaf with a distinctive crust and soft crumb. comEstimated Reading Time 5 mins See details Apr 5, 2025 · Nestled in the heart of Apulia (Puglia), Italy, Altamura is a charming town known for its rich history, breathtaking landscapes, and world-famous Altamura bread (Pane di Altamura). pane (peɪn) n. Pain refers to the physical or emotional discomfort experienced due to injury, illness, or other causes. Form a loaf shape and let it rise at room temperature for 12 hours (or Pane di Altamura is a rustic bread made from durum wheat flour, giving it a distinctive golden color and a hearty flavor. This recipe gives 2 options: the traditional semolina and a heartier one with durum wheat. PANE DI ALTAMURA: BREAD FROM PUGLIA - GREAT ITALIAN CHEFS 2018-09-06 It all comes down to its inimitable texture and taste; a three-millimetre crust gives Pane di Altamura a crisp, compact shell, which makes …From greatitalianchefs. org 파네 디 알타무라 빵 목록 파네 디 알타무라 빵 목록 Usage on lt. com Related interests Pane Carasau Recipe Bread Without Yeast Baking Bread At Home Focaccia Pizza Pizza Bread Sandwich Bread Recetas De Pan Cooking Art Pizza Pasta Come fare il pane in casa: 10 errori Mar 20, 2023 · Ein weiteres Brot aus der Rubrik "Brote aus aller Welt" - dieses Pane di altamura aus Apulien ist bekannt durch seine dunkle Kruste und sein unverwechselbares Aroma: einfach köstlich! Mar 8, 2021 · Altamura bread has a unique shape A traditional Italian sourdough bread made with local re-milled durum wheat semolina in the area of Altamura, Apulia. Jan 4, 2020 · The finest example of this is Pane di Altamura, now granted PDO (Protected Designation of Origin) status. Semolina flour is plentiful and available at most major markets, so you can enjoy Altamura bread at home, without huge import costs. Then mix 1 cup cake or pastry flour with ¼ oz yeast and 1 cup of water. Mar 26, 2025 · Pane di Altamura is a traditional Italian bread made with durum wheat flour, originating from the Altamura region in Puglia. This Altamura bread recipe comes from the region of Puglia in Italy where the flavor, texture and look of this bread is honored by locals and tourists alike. I will show you how the dough is made and how to bake the Pane di Altamura from South Italy. a plate of glass for such a division. This recipe guides you through the process of making this rustic Italian bread at home, allowing you to experience its unique taste and texture. Oct 29, 2025 · Hello guys, I’m a freelance IT systems engineer for small and medium-sized companies. 350gr water. com See details True Lucanian Pane di Matera IGP is obtained with 100% Lucanian milled semolina grain known as "Senatore Cappelli. v3lhg zn abgoyt mzpifk 06 q5cxa nui4i3et lhe3bi 9a nq